主要包括以下几种：
1.手工电弧焊焊接工艺。这是最常用的焊接工艺之一，利用电弧产生的热量来熔化焊条和母材，从而实现焊接。这种工艺操作简便，适用于各种金属材料。
2.埋弧焊焊接工艺。这是一种自动化焊接工艺，主要用于焊接长焊缝。在焊接过程中，电弧被埋在焊剂和母材之间，可以有效地控制焊接质量和焊接速度。
3.气体保护焊焊接工艺。这种工艺使用气体来保护电弧和熔池，防止空气对焊接区域的影响。气体保护焊适用于各种金属材料，焊接质量稳定。
4.等离子弧焊接工艺。等离子弧焊接是一种高精度的焊接工艺，适用于薄壁材料和精细零件的焊接。它利用高温的等离子电弧来熔化母材，实现高质量的焊接。
5.电渣焊焊接工艺。电渣焊是一种高效的焊接工艺，适用于厚壁大件的焊接。在焊接过程中，电流通过熔渣产生热量，使焊条和母材熔化，实现焊接。
Common Welding Process Classifications
1. Manual Arc Welding
Definition: A widely used process where an electric arc generates heat to melt the electrode and base metal, forming a weld.
Features:
Simple operation, adaptable to various metals (steel, aluminum, etc.).
Requires skilled workers to control arc stability and weld quality.
2. Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)
Definition: An automated process ideal for long, continuous seams. The arc is buried under a layer of flux, shielding the weld from air.
Features:
High efficiency and consistent weld quality.
Commonly used in shipbuilding, pipelines, and structural steel.
3. Gas Shielded Welding
Definition: Uses inert or active gas (e.g., argon, CO₂) to protect the arc and molten pool from atmospheric contamination.
Types:
MIG/MAG Welding: Metal Inert Gas (MIG) or Metal Active Gas (MAG) for versatile metal joining.
TIG Welding: Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) for high-precision welds (e.g., stainless steel).
Features:
Stable quality, minimal spatter, and clean results.
4. Plasma Arc Welding (PAW)
Definition: A high-precision process using a concentrated plasma arc (up to 30.000°C) for thin materials or intricate parts.
Applications:
Aerospace components, medical devices, and electronics.
Features:
Minimal distortion and deep penetration with narrow welds.
5. Electroslag Welding (ESW)
Definition: A high-efficiency method for thick materials (e.g., heavy machinery). Current passes through molten slag, generating heat to melt the electrode and base metal.
Features:
Single-pass welding for thick sections (up to 300mm).
Used in pressure vessels and large structural fabrication.
